Abstract
Hydraulic cylinders are an integral part of hydraulic systems widely used in various industries and construction. However, they are prone to wear and leaks over time, which can lead to reduced productivity and equipment downtime. The article focuses on the classification of hydraulic cylinder malfunctions, divided into two main groups: wear-related defects and mechanical defects. The first group includes leaks of hydraulic fluid from various areas of the cylinder, and the second group includes mechanical damage to the stem, housing, eyelets, pistons, and fasteners. The statistical data presented in the article demonstrate the financial losses incurred by enterprises as a result of the failure of hydraulic cylinders, and thus emphasize the importance of maintaining their operability for production efficiency. Effective repair methods are highlighted, including replacement of seals, restoration of the stem and housing, as well as measures to prevent malfunctions. It has been established that timely maintenance and the use of modern repair technologies can improve the reliability of equipment, reduce downtime and increase the efficiency of production processes.