DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF THE MAIN AGENTS OF ALFALFA DISEASES GROWING IN THE SOUTH-EAST OF KAZAKHSTAN

2025

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DOI 10.53729/mv-as.2025.01.15
Data confidence 70 medium
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Abstract

The article presents the results of a study to identify the main fungal diseases of alfalfa during its cultivation in the conditions of south-eastern Kazakhstan. The main soil-borne diseases were identified: fusarium and alternaria. The pathogens were isolated and, according to morphological-microscopic and molecular-genetic characteristics, were classified as Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum, Alternaria alternata and A. tenuissima. Also, during the growing season, foci of damage to the alfalfa leaf blade by downy mildew and powdery mildew were detected. Microscopic examination revealed that the pathogens are obligate pathogens Plasmopara trifliorum and Blumeria graminis. Determination of these types of pathogenic fungi affecting alfalfa in this natural and climatic zone will allow us to select effective native strains of microorganisms that suppress the development of the identified diseases and recommend them as the basis for new microbial preparations to protect alfalfa from fungal infections. В статье приведены результаты исследования по выявлению основных болезней люцерны грибной этиологии при ее культивировании в условиях юго-востока Казахстана. Были выявленыосновные заболевания, передающиеся через почву: фузариоз и альтернариоз. Возбудители болезней выделены и по морфолого-микроскопическим и молекулярно-генетическим характеристикам отнесены к видам Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum, Alternaria alternata и A. tenuissima. Также в процессе вегетации были обнаружены очаги поражения листовой пластины люцерны пероноспорозом и мучнистой росой. При микроскопическом исследовании установлено, что возбудителями являются облигатные патогены Plasmopara trifliorum и Blumeria graminis. Определение данных видов патогенных грибов, поражающих люцерну в данной природно-климатической зоне, позволит в дальнейшем подобрать аборигенные эффективные штаммы микроорганизмов, подавляющих развитие выявленных болезней, и рекомендовать их в качестве основы новых микробных препаратов для защиты люцерны от грибковых поражений.