Abstract
The article analyzes the current political situation in Afghanistan, the rise of the Taliban, the emergence of ISIS in Afghanistan and the activation of al-Qaeda, the mass infiltration of ISIS-linked militants into Afghanistan. The article discusses the ideological basis of the extremist organization of the Taliban. The analysis shows that the Taliban ideology is based on the fundamentalist theories of the Deobandi school and the radical views of the Tablighi Jamaat movement. The stages of the study in our article cover the history of the creation of the Taliban and the scale of the seizure of Afghanistan and its rise to power as an organization. Our article used various scientific analysis, description, comparison, forecasting, comparative-historical method system and historical approach, content analysis, which allowed us to analyze in detail the most important processes and trends in the modern history of the situation in Afghanistan. Such issues will become the main ones in the near future, and it is quite possible that the internal situation of Afghans will remain secondary, or it will become a derivative of international topics, which will determine the specifics of the approach to the development of events in Afghanistan. There is an opinion that the main role in the problem of Afghanistan is played by external actors. It is possible that in the near future the Talibs will become not only the main subject of the state, but also independent in their own way. This may decide what the international aspect of events in Afghanistan will be. At the same time, what is happening adds a new exclamation to the discussion about the basis of modern international relations, especially regarding the interaction of large powers with small and medium-sized states.