Abstract
Edible seeds of Lepidium sativum are known for their health-promoting properties. A total of 17 sinapic acid derivatives, including 12 previously undescribed compounds, were isolated from L. sativum seeds using an LC–MS/MS-guided strategy. Among them, lepisativutimines A–F ( 1 – 6 ) were identified as rare sinapic acid derivatives featuring a uridine moiety. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined based on mass and NMR data analysis, 13 C NMR calculations with DP4+ probability analyses, ECD data along with quantum-chemical ECD calculations, and acid hydrolysis followed by acetic derivatization and GC analysis. MS/MS data of the isolated compounds were thoroughly examined, and the characteristic mass fragments of these sinapic acid derivatives were summarized. Compounds 2, 7, and 11 – 17 presented NO inhibitory activities in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, with IC 50 values ranging from 16.20 to 86.37 μ M. Compound 11 significantly reduced NO production and the levels of TNF- α, IL-6, and PGE 2 in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, compound 11 dose-dependently reduced the protein expression of COX2, iNOS, MAPK, JNK, and ERK, suggesting that its anti-inflammatory effect may be mediated through the inhibition of iNOS/COX2 and MAPK signaling pathways.