Decision-making framework supported by techno-economic analysis of laser powder bed fusion: a novel approach using Retrieved Augmentation Generation (RAG)

2025

Full text Open access: Hybrid Metadata (CSL-JSON)
DOI 10.1007/s40964-025-01173-7
Data confidence 70 medium
How this score is calculated

It is built from checkable properties of the record itself: whether the article has a DOI, how many independent sources confirmed its data, whether the required fields are filled in, and how recent the latest confirmation is. Disagreement between sources and a missing identifier lower it. A value of 80 or above means the record was published without further checking; 60 to 79 means it is published at reduced confidence, with a manual check advisable. A record verified by an editor by hand is never pushed below 90 by a recalculation. This scores our data about the article, not the article itself.

Abstract

This paper introduces a comprehensive decision-making framework for Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF), focusing on material selection challenges. Utilizing a Retrieved Augmentation Generation (RAG) model, the framework enhances user decision-making by providing interactive access to an extensive repository of research articles. The framework’s practical utility is illustrated through successful applications of SS316L, Ti6Al4V, and AlSi10Mg materials in aerospace, automotive and biomedical industries. The cost estimation accuracy is demonstrated through cost comparisons of parts, such as impeller, throttle pedal arm and femoral stem, validated using commercial web-based quotation, revealing cost differences of approximately 21%, 11%, and 22%, respectively. In addition, the framework addresses user inquiries with varying specificity, showcasing the RAG model’s capability to deliver both detailed and generalized responses. When confronted with questions outside the scope of the existing database, the RAG model transparently indicates the unavailability of information, ensuring reliable guidance. By facilitating informed material selection and precise cost predictions, this framework promotes broader adoption and technological advancement in additive manufacturing, fostering innovation and efficiency in manufacturing processes.