Abstract
The article examines the theoretical and methodological aspects of the study of modernization in Turkey. The novelty of the work lies in the analysis of the works of Turkish scientists using various theories and concepts to explain modernization processes. The objectives of the research are to identify theories used to explain the impact of modernization reforms on the political and socio-cultural development of Turkey, the origins and directions of these reforms, as well as to consider methodological approaches to explain the relations of Ottoman and Turkish society with the West, to assess the actions of the government and intellectuals aimed at modernization in the works of Turkish scientists. The purpose of the article is to study the works of Turkish scientists in the context of the problem of modernization of Turkish society, the degree of its implementation, and the search for reasons preventing its implementation. The article uses general scientific methods, such as the analysis of literature on the research topic, synthesis and interpretation of knowledge, as well as historical-genetic, historical-comparative, historical-systemic methods in order to identify theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of modernization processes in Turkey. The results of the study allowed us to identify the main theories and concepts used by Turkish scientists to study the political, economic and socio-cultural reforms carried out by Ataturk, the origins of these reforms, their impact on the political image of the country and the results obtained.