Abstract
The article examines theme of war (Afghan War) common to modern Kazakh prose in the era of independence and the world literature, novels «Punishment» by Akim Tarazi and «A Thousand Splendid Suns» by Khaled Hosseini using the method of comparative typological research. Theoretical problems of typological research of artistic literary texts are considered. In addition to the general theme of the two novels, the unique characteristics were analyzed at the levels of idea, image, plot, style, literary genre, literary movement, literary era, literary process, national literature. Khaled Hosseini’s novel, full of deep psychological twists, which describes the history of the creation of the state of Afghanistan and the horrors of war, as well as his current life, has been comprehensively studied. In the novel «Punishment» by Akim Tarazi, the psychological underpinnings of the war affecting the human mind, spiritual crisis, physical wounds, the loss of humanity due to the consequences of war, etc. are studied. The task of the article is to recognize the artistic-aesthetic world of the novels of the two writers, by analyzing the content basis of the novels, it aims to show the relevance of the issues raised by the writers in modern society, their skills in conveying the reality of life. The scientific and practical value of the research is reflected in the comparative study of the direction of development of Kazakh prose and world literature. The problems considered in the article show the value of the research work to reveal the artistic system of the authors’ works, and the ideological-aesthetic content of the works. Keywords: modern Kazakh literature, world literary process, theme of the Afghan war, typological analysis, psychoanalysis in prose, historical tragedy.