Аннотация
This article shows the physical basis of dispersion and demonstrates that using a strictly monochromatic laser radiation source for signal transmission in glass fiber is impossible. It was shown that the average dispersion has a negative value, corresponding to the slope of the wavelength curve from the refractive index, and normal dispersion is also shown. Differential changes were taken near the wavelength of 1300 nm, corresponding to the transparency window in the infrared range and widely used in optical telecommunication systems. Considering the fluctuation heterogeneity of the glass fiber structure used in modern systems and the changing gradient refractive index, light waves move in the path at different speeds and arrive at the endpoint at different points in time, creating a time pulse of information transmission. The article contains basic mathematical apparatus - the theory of logarithms, finite and infinitesimal increments, elements of mathematical statistics. The main emphasis is placed on the issues of molecular optics and the interaction of light with different refractive indices of glass fiber.