Аннотация
The use of layered walls in the construction of frame buildings is due to the need to increase the energy efficiency of enclosing structures. At the same time, defects at existing facilities are, for the most part, a consequence of insufficient experience in the design and construction of such facilities. The authors analyzed and summarized the causes of the most common defects in the facing layer of walls known in world scientific practice. Some results of experimental studies carried out by the authors on the strength of masonry under local compression in places where they rest on floor discs are presented. It was established that for masonry made of solid bricks, the compressive resistance Rcom at c = 0.5t decreased by 30% compared to the strength of masonry at c = t. For masonry made of hollow ceramic stones, the decrease in strength was even greater. Issues requiring study have been identified regarding the selection of anchors, the selection of insulation, the selection of mortar components and other equally important components of a complex structure in the form of an external layered wall.