Аннотация
The authors of the article, analyzing the geopolitical factors of the last three decades that affected the economic development of Kazakhstan, identify six key turning points in history that had a significant impact on the development of the economy in general and the tourism sector in particular. The study proves the direct dependence of the dynamics of economic development indicators on geopolitical changes and crises. The importance of state support for the tourism sector is noted, manifested in the development and adoption of various measures, including the implementation of road maps, development concepts, etc. Such assistance from government agencies makes it possible to create mechanisms for the survival of small and medium-sized businesses in the new conditions. An important aspect of the state of the modern industry is digitalization and reorientation towards the domestic market and the development of domestic tourism.