Аннотация
Using aluminum as an example, it was shown that the quantum chemical method for calculating RM-3 can be used to calculate the physicochemical properties of metals included in the first three periods of the periodic table. Face-centered cubic lattices of cells of unoxidized and oxidized aluminum were calculated (these lattices consist of cubic and rhombic subsystems). It was shown that the rhombic subsystem of the aluminum lattice does not oxidize at normal temperature in atmospheric air. Calculations showed that negatively charged halogen ions cannot chemically interact with the oxidized cubic subsystem of aluminum cells, in which each aluminum atom is chemically bonded to three oxygen atoms. It was found that the dissolution of the surface of oxidized aluminum in sea water occurs as a result of the interaction of negatively charged halogen ions with aluminum atoms located in the rhombic non-oxidized subsystem of aluminum cells. The destruction of an aluminum product in sea water begins only after the complete destruction of the rhombic subsystems of all oxidized aluminum cells on the surface of the product. It was shown that in sea water the most active destroyers of aluminum products are bromine and fluorine ions (at the same time, chlorine and iodine ions also destroy the surface of oxidized aluminum, but less actively). It was concluded that in order to increase the service life of aluminum products in sea water, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the oxidized aluminum layer on the surface of the products.