Аннотация
The work examines some aspects of the moral and philosophical problems of the artistic work of Abay Kunanbayev, a classic of Kazakh literature. The poetic texts were selected taking into account the manifestation in them of the concepts of moral improvement inherent in Sufi poetry and the lyrics of the classics of the East: Nizami, Ferdowsi, Navoi. It has been established that the Kazakh poet follows the eastern tradition, but rethinks these concepts, as well as some images, in particular, the image of Iskander. Without rejecting the thesis about the immortality of the soul, Abay Kunanbayev relies more on the principles of sensory perception of the external world. Some materialism, rationalism in combination with belief in the divine origin of humanity manifested itself in the doctrine of the passions of the soul, the concept of humanity, and a number of didactic statements created by the poet. According to Abay, spirituality and constant reflection are a way of being and a condition for the development of mankind.