Аннотация
Objectives: Our aim is to improve the results of surgical treatment of congenital bronchiectasis. Congenital bronchial dilation leads to infection of the bronchial contents and re-aggravation of the inflammatory process, but some paediatricians have expressed reticence to conduct operations in children, adhering to long-term follow-up tactics for sick children. Methods: During the last 30 years, we have operated on 433 patients with congenital bronchiectasis, which amounted to 50.9% of all operated congenital lung diseases. The age of patients ranged from 2 to 65 years. There were more children and adolescents (60.9%) than adults (39.1%). Results: The most commonly performed operations were lower lobectomy (35.1%), extirpation of the bronchial tubes (22.2%) and combined resection (17.6%). The nature of the surgical interventions were similar in children and adults, except staged bilateral lung resections, which were performed more in adults (3.4% vs 10.0%). Adult patients have a longer anamnesis of disease, so there are more common (up 84.1%) dense and extensive adhesions in the pleural cavity. This leads to increased trauma in the operative and postoperative period. The frequency of early postoperative complications in children was 10.6%, and in adults reached to 20.7%. In the later postoperative period from 1 to 22 years, we examined 190 patients. Good results were observed in 63.8% of children, which is significantly higher than the results of surgical treatment of adult patients (47.9%) Conclusion: Examination of the patients in the late postoperative period showed that timely diagnosis and early surgical intervention reduces the risk of postoperative complications and improves long-term results.