Аннотация
This article discusses the problems of gender and gender identity. Theoretical and practical aspects of gender identity formation are considered in particular such directions as sociolinguistic, linguoculturological, com- municative-discursive and psycholinguistic. The necessity of a detailed study of the problems of masculinity and femininity from the perspective of person and language is revealed and justified. The article provides ex- amples from various linguistic cultures that clearly demonstrate the differences and similarities in the cognitive perception of a person, taking into account his/her sex. It is revealed that the problem of gender and gender identity originates from ancient times, vividly reflected in oral folk art, in particular in proverbs and sayings. Gender identity in this perspective is a portrait of the person himself, his stereotypical ideas about his/her sex, taking into account culture, language and society. Based on the analysis carried out by the authors, it is shown that language does not just fix gender identity, characteristics or personality qualities related to gender, it constructs and creates them.