Аннотация
Electromagnetic effect during crystallization of melts of various materials (metallic, salt, slag, oxide) is able to change significantly its macro- and microstructure and improve its physical and technical characteristics. There are many hypotheses about the mechanism of electromagnetic field effect on the structure of various metals. There are limited studies on the effect of electric, magnetic and temperature fields on the crystallization of non-metallic crystals in complex halide and oxide systems. The available works on this topic are fragmentary and are aimed only at solving the utilitarian problem of obtaining crystals. No studies on the mechanism of electromagnetic field effect during high-temperature crystallization of oxide refractory melts on its final characteristics have been found in the known scientific literature. In this paper, for the first time, based on the analysis of known hypotheses, the new study of mineral composition, structure-sensitive characteristics and structural units of melts, new hypothesis about the mechanism of effect of alternating electromagnetic field on the structure of oxide refractory materials crystallizing from melts on the example of forsterite, forsterite-chromite and corundum refractories has been put forward. The most probable effect mechanism of an alternating electromagnetic field on the structure of crystallizing oxide refractory castings is its periodically orienting and intensifying migration of the structural units of the melt action.