Аннотация
Currently, the use of synthetic dyes in light industry creates serious environmental and economic problems and is becoming more and more obvious. Many scientific studies have noted that in the textile and leather industries, it is the finishing processes that cause the greatest damage to the environment. To successfully solve the environmental problems of finishing production in light industry, it is necessary to develop special eco-technologies for finishing textiles, leather and fur, ensuring the creation of non—toxic materials - ecotextiles that meet the requirements of international standards. The aim of the work is to use extracts from local plant raw materials for the ecological finishing of light industry materials as one of the ways to solve this problem. In this paper, textile materials are considered for the application of shoe upper parts, their types, physical and mechanical properties of fabrics, as well as environmental methods of dyeing materials. For the study, 5 different samples of fabrics of different thicknesses produced in the Republic of Uzbekistan and used in the manufacture of shoes were selected: stretch fabrics of two different thicknesses, denim and cotton fabrics and extracts from zhuzgin plants for finishing work. Zhuzgin (Latin: Calligonum aphyllum) is a genus of perennial branching shrubs of the buckwheat family native to southern Kazakhstan. These plants are widely used as medicines in many countries. For the purpose of staining, the sequence of work on the production of extracts from leaves, branches and roots has been determined. It has been revealed that fabrics can be dyed in a variety of colors using extracts prepared from different parts of the zhuzgin plant. The use of vegetable dyes in light industry can improve the ecology and obtain high-quality environmental materials.