Аннотация
Increased intestinal wall permeability and impaired barrier function in ICU patients are due to microcirculation disorders, ischemia and hypoxia of intestinal wall. As a result, bacteria and/or their endotoxins penetrate the damaged intestinal wall, enhance immune response and can lead to systemic inflammation, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, sepsis and even death. This review is devoted to mechanisms of intestinal barrier disruption and the most effective serum biomarkers of intestinal wall damage: zonulin, intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) and regenerating islet-derived 3-alpha (REG3α), citrulline. Despite various study limitations, these biomarkers are interesting candidates for identifying patients with high risk of complications and screening for timely intensive care measures. These approaches can reduce ICU-stay and mortality.