Аннотация
Changes of geomagnetic activity indices and cosmic ray density and anisotropy variations in high-speed streams of a solar wind from various solar coronal holes are studied.More than 300 coronal holes observed in 2002-2013 were divided into groups taking into account their polarity and heliolatitude.It is shown that transequatorial holes, northern holes with negative polarity and the southern holes with positive polarity are more effective than other holes in creation of geomagnetic activity.The behavior of vector anisotropy of the cosmic rays (especially its North -South component) depends substantially on polarity of a magnetic field in a high-speed streams from the coronal holes.The obtained results have to be useful to forecasting of geomagnetic activity and diagnostics of large-scale interplanetary disturbances.