Аннотация
The article discusses the natural and balneological characteristics of the hydromineral resources of the Alakol-Zhalanashkol lake system located in the south-eastern part of the Abai region. The study was conducted in an arid climate, taking into account the spatial variability of the chemical composition of water and mud deposits. Field and laboratory observations conducted in 2024–2025 were aimed at determining the physical and chemical characteristics of mineral waters and therapeutic muds, as well as assessing their potential for recreational and health purposes. Field work covered various areas of the lake coastline – the eastern, western, northern and south-eastern sectors, including areas where therapeutic mud accumulates. Analyses carried out in the laboratories of the “Shakarim University” NCJSC and the sanitary and epidemiological service of the Zhetisu region showed that the concentrations of the main chemical elements and minerals are within acceptable sanitary standards. It has been established that the chemical composition of the waters in the eastern and western parts of the reservoirs varies depending on hydrological and climatic conditions. A study of the structure of the therapeutic muds revealed their complex composition: a mineral skeleton combined with colloidal particles and clay solutions. It was determined that the composition is dominated by sulphates, chlorides and bischofite (MgCl₂), which gives the muds pronounced therapeutic properties. A comprehensive assessment has shown that the hydromineral resources of Lake Alakol and Lake Zhalanashkol are highly valuable for the development of medical and health tourism, and also confirms their safety when used rationally. The results of the study can be applied to the organisation of balneological procedures, recreational programmes and sustainable nature management in the region.