Аннотация
The object of research is a low-temperature gasification technology of weakly grade metamorphized coals. One of the outstanding issues of the low-temperature gasification technology of weakly grade metamorphized coals remains the long processing period due to the coal weak energy activation directly dependent on the release of volatile gases, which depend on isotropic state of coal. The problem that was solved is to scale up coal activation energy through the sudden heat during thermal processing. The results obtained show a shift of the volatile gases release beginning to a temperature of 410°C in the same quantity as with the step-by-step heating to a temperature of 500°C. In addition, the sudden heat contributes to a reduction of CO2 emissions by 12%, indicating an improvement in environmental performance. These results are explained by the fact that a sharp difference in temperatures of 20°C and 400°C creates conditions for the appearance of energy distortion in the isotropic zones of the coal body heating. This energy weakens and destroys the internal bonds between the coal particles and creates conditions for the release of new volatile elements at lower temperatures. The main features of the results obtained, which made it possible to solve the problem studied are the results on transformation of thermal stresses into energy of distortion at the sudden heat in the relationship between the mechanics and physics of anisotropic coal. The scope and conditions of practical use of the results obtained is will allow for the adjustment of gasification techniques for coals with low degree of metamorphism and the establishment of gasification regimes, taking into account the design and capacity of the gasifiers