Аннотация
Background/Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the mesiobuccal root canal configuration (MB RCC), the interorifice distance (IOD) and the corresponding root and other root lengths of the permanent maxillary first molars; Methods: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were acquired between 2020 and 2023 for different purposes unrelated to this study. Overall, 1550 CBCT images were retrospectively evaluated. A dentomaxillofacial radiologist with 15 years of experience evaluated the CBCT images and performed the measurements; Results: According to the MB RCC, there was no statistically significant difference between the Vertucci type II and Vertucci type IV groups in terms of the mean age and sex distribution (p = 0.694 and p = 0.273). There was no statistically significant difference in the IOD between the MB RCC groups (p = 0.755). Moreover, according to the MB RCC, there was no statistically significant difference between the Vertucci type II and Vertucci type IV groups in terms of the mesiobuccal, distobuccal, palatinal, and mean root lengths (p > 0.05); Conclusions: There was no association between the IOD and the type of RCC in the maxillary first molars. New studies conducted by collecting data from different centers to explore the different morphological features of maxillary first molars and detect their anatomical differences will provide more reliable and accurate results.