Аннотация
Abstract The global imperative to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and phase out fossil fuels has prompted hydrogen to emerge as a critical player in the transition to sustainable energy systems and eco-friendly transport solutions. This study endeavors to examine innovative technologies for hydrogen production and storage, with the objective of overcoming the obstacles that impede their widespread adoption. The integration of hydrogen with renewable energy sources is one of the methods that have been investigated. Specifically, the effectiveness of coupling hydrogen fuel cells with wind or solar power systems has been examined in order to ensure a reliable energy supply and improve grid stability. The results of this study present innovative methods for mass hydrogen production, including electrolysis of water and advanced techniques for extracting hydrogen from fossil fuels while minimizing environmental impact. Additionally, this study evaluates strategies for underground hydrogen storage, considering local geological conditions to optimize storage efficiency and safety. The findings indicate that salt caverns offer a secure and stable hydrogen containment system and have a high storage efficiency of up to 90%. The evaluation of depleted gas fields demonstrated promising results in terms of sealing integrity and storage efficiency (88%). The outcomes provide insights into the feasibility of large-scale hydrogen generation and storage, offering valuable guidance for future energy solutions dependent on hydrogen in diverse geographic contexts.