Аннотация
In the paper microscopic structure and physicochemical characteristics of asphaltenes were investigated. Asphaltene was precipitated from natural bitumen of oil sand of Munaily-Mola deposit using organic solvent of petroleum ether. According to results of our work, we found that the largest yield of asphaltens was reached by using the petroleum ether in 40-fold amount in relation to the initial hitch of bitumen. Chemical composition of precipitated asphaltenes aggregates were studied on FT-Infra red spectrometer Spectrum-65 at 450-4000 cm-1. At the Infrared spectrum, that the broad absorption band of asphaltenes at 3000-3600 cm-1 are characterizing the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aliphatic chains in the samples of asphaltens. Elemental composition of the samples of asphaltenes on the installation of x-ray fluorescent spectrometer "Focus-M2". Also found the presence of two crystalline phases. One - quartz content is less than one percent. Another phase is also present in very small quantities and is represented by a single line of diffraction d = 4.158 Å. The microstructures and microanalysis of asphaltenes were investigated with an scanning electron microscopy (Quanta 3D 200i) at an accelerated voltage of 20 kV and a pressure of 0.003 Pa at National Nanotechnological Laboratory of Open Type of Kazakh National University. Microscopic images showed that the asphaltenes have a medium-ordered structure, the main component of the surface is represented by amorphous carbon.