Аннотация
The world is currently facing a drinking water problem. Human activity, climate change and pollution of existing water bodies are exacerbating the problem. The scientists around the world are currently trying to purify water using effective and inexpensive methods. One such method is membrane distillation. Membrane distillation is a versatile thermally driven membrane separation process. This method of water purification has the potential to remove salts and other non-volatile components. The work is concerned with the desalination of salt solutions by membrane distillation using ion-track membranes based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET). PET ion-track membranes (PET TMs) were modified by photoinitiated graft polymerization of 2,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobutyl methacrylate (HFBMA) to make them hydrophobic. Optimal polymerization conditions (monomer concentration, reaction time) were determined, which led to an increase of water CA from 51 to 105°. The obtained membranes were used to purify the solution from NaCl. The effect of salt concentration as well as membrane properties on performance and degree of purification was studied. The results show that large pore size PET TMs modified with HFBMA has the potential to desalinate water in an efficient manner.