Аннотация
The purpose of the research paper is to analyze the historical interaction between the Poland-led Prometheist movement and Central Asian nationalism in twentieth-century anti-Soviet resistance. Particular attention is devoted to the activities of the Turkestan National Union and its leader, Mustafa Shokai, whose political initiatives reflected the convergence of Polish geopolitical interests and Central Asian nationalist aspirations. The scientific novelty of the study lies in its analysis of the transnational political cooperation of Prometheist networks and Central Asian emigrant activists as a distinct dimension of anti-Soviet resistance. This paper highlights their ideological alignment, organizational cooperation, and cross-border political interactions. The research also demonstrates how emigrants’ political structures functioned within anti-Soviet structures coordinated by Polish political circles during the interwar period. Conclusions. The study concludes that the cooperation between the Prometheist movement and Central Asian nationalist leaders represented an important form of anti-imperial resistance against Soviet domination. Anti-Soviet objectives facilitated political collaboration, intellectual exchange, and organizational support for Polish and Central Asian actors. Although these initiatives did not cause the immediate collapse of Soviet power, they helped preserve nationalist political ideas and resistance traditions among Central Asian emigrant communities. The paper argues that these historical networks and ideological foundations later influenced the independence movements that emerged in Central Asia following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, while also shaping contemporary discussions of nationalism and post-Soviet identity. Funding: The study was conducted with financial support from the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Grant No. AP19677780 ‘M. Shokay’s Ideals of Statehood: Science from History, Ideological Continuity’).