Аннотация
This article examines the prevalence and biological development of the oriental codling moth (Grapholita molesta (Busck)), a quarantine pest that causes significant damage to plants in southeastern Kazakhstan. Field observations and analysis of the phytosanitary condition of plantings revealed that in southeastern Kazakhstan, the pest can develop up to five generations during the growing season, damaging the shoots and fruits of stone and pome fruits. The most vulnerable fruit crops are peach (Prunus persica), plum (Prunus salicina), apricot (Armeniaca vulgaris), and, to a lesser extent, apple (Malus domestica). The highest prevalence of the oriental codling moth was observed in peach and plum plantings, where an average of 25–35 males were caught per trap per week during their mass flight period. It was noted that shoot damage leads to drying out and reduced growth, while fruit damage causes a loss of marketability and premature fruit drop. Shoot damage by the pest reached 18.2 %, and fruit damage reached 22.8 %. It was established that increased air temperature leads to earlier phenology of G. molesta, which may contribute to the significant spread of the pest and lead to increased damage in the future. The obtained results allow for the adjustment of the timing of measures depending on objectively changing annual conditions and the development of an effective pest protection system for trees. Despite its focal distribution, the oriental codling moth requires systematic population monitoring, the use of integrated plant protection methods, and enhanced quarantine measures to prevent its further spread in Kazakhstan. The practical significance of these results lies in their potential use in developing regional fruit crop protection systems.