Аннотация
Relevance: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) remain among the most common adverse effects of anticancer treatment and have a substantial negative impact on patients’ quality of life. Despite the widespread use of modern antiemetic agents, many patients continue to experience nausea and vomiting of varying severity, highlighting the importance of investigating symptom self-management. The study aimed to assess the level of self-management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting among patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and to identify factors associated with effective symptom self-management. Materials and Methods: We initially assessed 265 patients receiving chemotherapy at the Atyrau Regional Oncology Dispensary (Kazakhstan). Nausea and/or vomiting were reported in 172 patients, who were included in the subsequent analysis. We assessed symptoms using the validated MASCC Antiemesis Tool (MAT), supplemented with additional questions on self-care strategies and patients’ subjective evaluation of their effectiveness. We performed statistical analyses in R version 4.5.2 using descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression. Results: 80.4% of participants reported CINV events. 70.2% developed symptoms during the first 24 hours after chemotherapy administration, and 65/1% had delayed symptoms. The most frequently used self-care strategies included increased fluid intake (72.7%), rest (52.3%), and adherence to a light diet (51.2%). Acute symptoms increased the likelihood of using self-care strategies nearly 25-fold (OR = 24.76; p < 0.001), whereas symptoms persisting beyond 24 hours increased this likelihood more than 21-fold (OR = 21.17; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Self-management plays an important role in controlling CINV. The findings emphasize the need for patient education, routine symptom assessment using MAT, and ongoing support from healthcare professionals to improve symptom management.