Аннотация
This article examines the relationships between the civilian population and military structures in Eastern Kazakhstan during the Civil War. The study aims to examine the specific features of the policies pursued by military authorities toward the civilian population of Eastern Kazakhstan during the Civil War, to analyze the forms and methods of their implementation, and to investigate the nature and extent of the impact of military structures on the lives of the civilian population. Particular attention is paid to the activities of counterintelligence and law enforcement agencies, which served as important instruments for maintaining the political regime and controlling society. Regional processes are analyzed within the broader context of the large-scale political confrontation that covered the territory of the former Russian Empire. The study demonstrates that military structures and security bodies played a significant role not only in military operations but also in the everyday life of the civilian population. Based on archival documents and contemporary materials, the research reconstructs the mechanisms of functioning of counterintelligence and law enforcement institutions at the regional level. Their activities were aimed at suppressing opposition sentiments, monitoring the social situation, and preventing potential threats. At the same time, their presence significantly influenced the social environment, transforming migration processes, economic practices, and social relations. The article also emphasizes that the civilian population acted not only as an object of influence but also as an active participant in historical processes, developing various strategies of survival and adaptation in conditions of political instability and armed conflict.