Аннотация
This article examines the natural, historical, cultural, and toponymic characteristics of protected areas and sacred sites in the Kostanay Region of Kazakhstan. The purpose of the study is to identify the spatial distribution patterns of protected natural areas and sacred heritage sites, assess their role in preserving natural and cultural heritage, and analyze their representation in the regional toponymic system. The research is based on scientific literature, archival sources, cartographic materials, field observations, and official data on protected areas. Cartographic, comparative-geographical, toponymic, historical-cultural, and geoinformation methods were employed to achieve the research objectives. The findings reveal distinct spatial patterns in the distribution of protected areas and sacred sites across the region. Their location is closely associated with the preservation of natural landscapes, historical settlement processes, and the cultural and spiritual traditions of local communities. The study highlights the environmental significance of the Naurzum State Nature Reserve, the Altyn Dala State Nature Reserve, and the relic forest ecosystems of Amankaragay and Arakaragay. In addition, the historical and cultural value of the Torgai geoglyphs and the Ekiidin archaeological monuments is assessed. The toponymic analysis demonstrates that geographical names preserve valuable information about the natural environment, historical events, and ethnocultural devel-opment of the region. The results can be applied in the conservation of natural and cultural heritage, the development of regional tourism strategies, and further research in the field of sacred geography.