Аннотация
The aim of the study is to analyze the peculiarities of cross-border migration in Central Asia with a focus on Kazakhstan’s experience and to identify the main regional challenges affecting the socio-economic development of the countries in the region. The research seeks to identify the factors determining migration flows, their economic and social consequences, as well as to assess opportunities for improving migration management mechanisms. The research methodology is based on the application of comparative analysis, statistical modelling and qualitative data analysis. Data from national statistical agencies, reports of international organizations and the results of field research were analyzed. Expert interviews with representatives of state authorities, international organizations and migrants provided an opportunity to supplement the analysis with practical aspects.The results have shown that cross-border migration in the region is driven by such factors as economic inequality between countries, imbalances in labor markets, and historical and cultural ties between border communities. Kazakhstan, as one of the main destinations for migrants, faces such challenges as irregular migration, insufficient coordination with neighboring states in the regulation of migration processes, and limited access of migrants to social protection and healthcare systems.The findings of the study emphasize the need to strengthen interstate coordination to address regional challenges. Introducing unified approaches to migration management, developing social programs for migrant integration, and implementing digital tools to monitor migration flows are key areas for improving migration management.The practical significance of the results lies in the fact that they can be used to improve the migration policies of Central Asian countries. The proposed recommendations include the development of cooperation mechanisms at the regional level, the adaptation of social infrastructure to migrants’ needs and introduction of innovative technologies to improve the efficiency of migration management.