Аннотация
Background: This article presents the results of laboratory investigations of newly developed high-performance formulations intended for the removal of asphaltene–resin–paraffin deposits (ARPD) formed during oil production and transportation. ARPD are solid organomineral deposits composed mainly of paraffins, asphaltenes, resins, and mechanical impurities that accumulate on the internal surfaces of oilfield equipment, thereby reducing its productivity and causing operational problems. This issue is particularly relevant for the oil fields of the Mangystau region, where crude oils are characterized by a high paraffin content. Aim: To develop an effective, readily available, and low-toxicity formulation for the dissolution and removal of solid ARPD. Materials and methods: A comprehensive set of laboratory studies was conducted to evaluate the dissolving, removing, and cleaning performance of the developed formulations in accordance with the approved methodology. The composition of ARPD samples was investigated in accordance with the applicable regulatory documents (GOST). Results: Laboratory experiments conducted at 25°C and 60°C demonstrated that temperature significantly affects both the dissolution rate and the extent of ARPD removal. Formulations containing more than 6 wt% surfactants achieved ARPD dissolution and removal efficiencies of up to 100%. Even at lower temperatures of 25°C, ARPD removal efficiency exceeded 98%, indicating that the developed formulations are suitable for application across a wide temperature range. Conclusion: Within the framework of this study, the composition of paraffinic-type ARPD samples collected from different sections of the investigated field was analyzed. Based on the obtained data, hydrocarbon-based formulations were developed using a pentane–hexane fraction (PHF) as the solvent, with the addition of nonionic and anionic surfactants (OP-10 and sulfonol). These components provide a synergistic effect in dissolving and dispersing the deposits. The proposed formulations demonstrated high efficiency in the destruction and removal of solid deposits within a short period of time, contributing to reduced operating costs and improved operational reliability of oilfield equipment.