Аннотация
The purpose of this study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of civil transactions in the context of the digitalization of the legal system of the Republic of Kazakhstan, to identify the features of their legal nature, forms, and mechanisms of implementation in the electronic environment, as well as to substantiate directions for improving civil legislation and law enforcement practice in light of the development of digital technologies. The methodological framework of the research is based on a combination of general scientific and special legal methods, including the formal legal method, the systemic and structural method, the comparative legal method, as well as the method of judicial practice analysis in disputes related to digital transactions. The study demonstrates that the digitalization of civil circulation transforms traditional civil-law constructions of transactions by modifying the forms of expression of will and the methods for fixing the parties’ consent, while preserving their fundamental elements – orientation toward legal consequences and mutual manifestation of intent. It is established that the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan generally recognizes the legal validity of electronic contracts and documents. The study concludes that there is a need for comprehensive modernization of the civil legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, including clarification of the conceptual framework of digital law, normative recognition of smart contracts, development of consistent judicial practice, and harmonization of national regulation with international legal standards. The implementation of these measures will serve to strengthen legal clarity, ensure guarantees of the rights of entities involved in civil transactions, and promote the stable growth of digital legal relations in the field of civil law.