Аннотация
This study investigates the possibility of demetallization of heavy hydrocarbon feedstock using chemisorption adsorbents derived from kaolin clay of the Kundybai deposit. The relevance of the research is due to the high content of metals (V, Ni, Fe) in heavy crude oils, which negatively affect refining processes and the performance properties of petroleum products. A method for producing an aluminosilicate adsorbent was developed, including the stages of sulfation, acid leaching, and thermal activation at 700 - 750 °C. It was established that modification results in the formation of a mesoporous material with a specific surface area of 250 - 275 m²/g and a well-developed pore structure. Kinetic studies of the adsorption properties of the obtained material were carried out in the temperature range of 300-360 °C. It was shown that an increase in temperature enhances the degree of metal removal: vanadium up to 56 - 57%, nickel up to 54 - 57%, and iron up to 50 - 52%. At the same time, the degree of desulfurization is significantly lower and does not exceed 30%. The adsorbent was found to exhibit selectivity primarily toward metallic impurities. The obtained results confirm the potential of modified aluminosilicates for the purification of heavy petroleum feedstock and can be used in the development of energy-efficient demetallization technologies.