Аннотация
The article is devoted to the study of lexical and grammatical features and valency of verbs in the works of Abay. The study of the valency of verbs based on the works of Abay was not previously considered in abai studying. The novelty of the article by the authors revealing that the synonyms of the verb «give birth», «conceive», «create» are the names of actions in the three-dimensional world in Kazakh experience and in the works of Abai.For this, the grammatical, cognitive-semantic structure, the semantic relations of the verb «give birth» and similar words in the Kazakh language, as well as in the poetry of Abay are compared.This proves that the valency of the verbs is identified, specific phenomena that persist in the semantics of the language, reflecting the lexical and grammatical potential of the ancient Kazakh language are identified, unexpected predictions are made about the nature of the language. The purpose of the study is to identify the lexical and grammatical peculiarities of the verbs «give birth» – «conceive», «create/make» in the language of Abay, substantiate their valency, and facilitate their reuse at the level by studying the content of national thinking preserved in the structures of the verbs of the Kazakh language. The results of experimental analysis aimed at recognizing the nature of verbs in real dialogue are combined with the results obtained as a result of linguistic analysis of the text of the poet’s work used in the study. This, in turn, allows you to determine the content of the national language stored in the literary text, and the features of its modern use.