Аннотация
Introduction. Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) constitute a heterogeneous group of conditions, a significant proportion of which consists of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and ILDs associated with systemic connective tissue diseases (SCTD-ILDs). Despite sharing common features of a progressive fibrotic phenotype, these forms differ in pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, radiological characteristics, laboratory features, and treatment approaches. Aim . To conduct a comparative clinical and functional analysis in patients with IPF and CTD-ILD, as well as to identify differences in risk factors between the two groups. Materials and methods . A single-center cross-sectional study in 82 patients (28% men) with a mean age of 58.3 ± 11.9 years. A comparative analysis of demographic, clinical, radiological, functional, and laboratory parameters was performed. Results. It was established that patients with IPF were statistically significantly older, predominantly male, and more likely to have a history of smoking. IPF was characterized by a significant predominance of the typical interstitial pneumonia pattern, higher lactate dehydrogenase levels, and more pronounced respiratory symptoms as measured by the CAT index. In the CTD-ILD group, a pattern of nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, positive antinuclear antibodies, and higher levels of rheumatoid factor were more frequently detected, reflecting the autoimmune nature of the disease. Conclusions. The data confirm that IPF and CTD-ILD represent distinct clinical and pathogenetic phenotypes of interstitial lung diseases. A comprehensive assessment of demographic, radiological, functional, and laboratory characteristics is essential for refining the diagnosis, phenotypic stratification of patients, prognosis assessment, and selection of a personalized therapeutic strategy.