Аннотация
Background: Minimally invasive gynecologic surgery has revolutionized the management of benign and malignant gynecological diseases by reducing surgical trauma, accelerating postoperative recovery, and improving overall patient outcomes. Over the past two decades, rapid advances in laparoscopic techniques, robotic-assisted surgery, three-dimensional visualization, fluorescence imaging, and artificial intelligence (AI) have significantly expanded the indications and safety of minimally invasive procedures. These technological developments have facilitated greater surgical precision while minimizing perioperative morbidity and enhancing patientcentered care. Objective: This review summarizes recent advances in minimally invasive gynecologic surgery, focusing on laparoscopic and robotic techniques, emerging applications of artificial intelligence, clinical outcomes, current limitations, and future perspectives. Methods: A comprehensive narrative review was conducted using publications indexed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, consensus statements, and international clinical guidelines published primarily between 2020 and 2026 were evaluated to summarize current evidence regarding minimally invasive gynecologic surgery. Results: Current evidence demonstrates that minimally invasive gynecologic surgery significantly reduces postoperative pain, blood loss, wound complications, hospital length of stay, and recovery time compared with conventional open surgery while maintaining comparable oncological and functional outcomes in appropriately selected patients. Robotic-assisted surgery provides improved dexterity, enhanced ergonomics, tremor filtration, and superior three-dimensional visualization, particularly during complex pelvic procedures. Artificial intelligence has recently emerged as a promising technology for intraoperative navigation, anatomical structure recognition, surgical workflow analysis, predictive analytics, and personalized perioperative decision-making. Conclusion: Minimally invasive gynecologic surgery continues to evolve through the integration of robotic technology, digital health, artificial intelligence, and precision medicine. Future innovations are expected to improve surgical safety, optimize individualized treatment strategies, and further enhance clinical outcomes while expanding access to advanced minimally invasive procedures worldwide.