Аннотация
The second trimester of pregnancy is considered a clinically significant period when pelvic structural changes and early signs of possible complications begin to manifest. Although body mass index is an important anthropometric factor influencing the course of pregnancy, its relationship with echographic parameters of the pubic symphysis has not been sufficiently studied. Objective. To determine the features of echographic parameters of the pubic symphysis in women during the second trimester of pregnancy depending on body mass index. Methods. A descriptive and comparative analysis of physical and echographic parameters was performed in 172 women in the second trimester of pregnancy. Echographic parameters of the pubic symphysis in all participants were assessed using ultrasound examination in groups with normal body weight, overweight, and obesity according to body mass index. Results. According to body mass index, the groups were: normal weight - 109, overweight - 48, and obesity - 15 women. Women with normal body weight were statistically significantly younger than those in the other groups (p=0.044), while no differences in height were observed. Separation of the pubic bones and the thickness of the superior ligament did not differ between body mass index groups. The thickness of the left anterior ligaments was statistically significantly higher in the overweight and obese groups compared with the normal-weight group (p=0.022) and showed a weak positive correlation with body mass index (r=0.159; p=0.037). Conclusions. Echographic parameters of the pubic symphysis in the second trimester of pregnancy present differences according to body mass index, but the impact of increased body weight in pregnant women on these echographic parameters is limited. Among these parameters, the thickness of the anterior pubic ligament was significantly higher in pregnant women classified as overweight or obese compared to those with normal body weight, and this thickness was positively correlated with body mass index. Further research findings will be used to evaluate the changes in the pubic symphysis gap during pregnancy and to assess the significant impact of body mass index on the primary echographic characteristics during physiological pregnancy.