Аннотация
In this article, the authors propose a composition for a polymer-containing drilling fluid and ways to reduce its loss during drilling of oil and gas wells. Theoretical aspects of drilling fluid loss are presented, including the characteristics and causes of fluid absorption by the rock. The main problems of drilling fluid loss associated with the instability of clay-argillite rocks of the South Torgay basin in Kazakhstan are described. The polymer-containing drilling fluid was obtained by adding polyacrylonitrile modified with fatty acid salts, which are a saponified fraction of the tar from the distillation of cottonseed oil fatty acids. The results of spectral studies of the modified polymer reagent polyacrylonitrile are provided. The authors present the results of studies on the effects of modified polyacrylonitrile, as well as crushed cotton stalks in various ratios on the properties of drilling fluid. These studies were conducted to reduce the rate of fluid loss through the borehole crust. Based on these conducted studies,on the effect of modified polyacrylonitrile and crushed cotton stalks on the rheological properties of the drilling fluid. A diagram of an experimental setup for determining the rate of drilling fluid passage through rock is presented, as well as when adding tar-modified polyacrylonitrile to the fluid. Existing methods for reducing drilling fluid loss are analyzed, and recommendations for implementation of this composition are proposed to increase the efficiency of the drilling process in complicated geological conditions. Keywords: drilling; well; rock; loss (absorption); oil; gas; drilling fluid; tar; polyacrylonitrile; modification; spectroscopy.