Аннотация
Introduction. This study focuses on improving the energy efficiency and operational stability of compressor units operating within gas transportation systems under complex climatic and geographical conditions. It is shown that variations in ambient temperature, atmospheric pressure, and altitude significantly affect gas density, compressor performance, and overall energy consumption. Conventional control strategies are typically designed for steady operating conditions and do not adequately account for these external influences, which leads to increased energy losses and reduced reliability, especially in mountainous regions. Methods. The research is based on mathematical modeling and numerical simulation of gas compression processes with consideration of real gas properties and variable environmental parameters. A computational framework was developed to evaluate compressor performance under different operating scenarios, including changes in temperature, pressure, and altitude. Various control strategies, such as throttling, staged operation, and variable speed regulation, were analyzed and compared with an adaptive control approach that dynamically adjusts operating parameters. The model incorporates thermodynamic equations, empirical compressor characteristics, and optimization algorithms to determine energy-efficient operating regimes. Results. The obtained results demonstrate that environmental factors have a pronounced impact on compressor performance. An increase in altitude leads to a reduction in gas density by up to 20%, resulting in decreased mass flow rate and efficiency, while increasing specific compression work by 10–15%. Temperature variations also influence performance by altering thermophysical properties of the gas. Traditional control methods were found to be less effective under these conditions, often causing additional energy losses of 8–14%. In contrast, the proposed adaptive control approach reduced energy consumption by 10–18%, improved compressor efficiency by 4–6%, and expanded the stable operating range by up to 15%. Additionally, optimized operating conditions contributed to reduced mechanical and thermal loads, leading to extended equipment service life. Conclusions. The findings confirm that incorporating climatic and geographical factors into compressor control strategies significantly enhances energy efficiency and operational reliability. The proposed adaptive approach provides a practical and cost-effective solution that can be integrated into existing control systems without major hardware modifications. Its implementation allows for optimized performance under variable environmental conditions, reduced energy consumption, and improved durability of compressor equipment, making it particularly suitable for gas transportation systems in mountainous and remote regions.