Аннотация
Introduction.Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multifactorial condition in which the interaction between environmental factors and genetic predisposition plays a key role in disease pathogenesis. Of particular importance is the study of genetic polymorphisms in cytokine genes that regulate the inflammatory response, especially under conditions of occupational exposure to dust aerosols.Objective.To identify genetic polymorphisms in interleukin genes associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in miners exposed to dust aerosols.Methods.This study included 89 miners with clinically confirmed COPD and 100 coal mine workers without respiratory pathology. Results.The analysis identified polymorphisms significantly associated with an increased risk of COPD development: rs1143633 of the IL1Bgene (OR=1.59; 95% CI: 1.03–2.46; p=0.04), rs1524107 of the IL6gene (OR=2.41; 95% CI: 1.40–4.16; p=0.001), and rs2066992 (OR=2.02; 95% CI: 1.19–3.41; p= 0.008). Genotype analysis demonstrated significantassociations for heterozygous variants of rs1143633 (OR = 1.92; 95% CI: 1.08–3.43), rs1524107 (OR=2.32; 95% CI: 1.18–4.54), and rs2066992 (OR=1.80; 95% CI: 0.95–3.44), suggesting a possible dominant or overdominant effect of the alleles.Conclusion.The findings indicate a substantial contribution of genetic factors related to inflammatory response regulation in the development of COPD susceptibility among miners. The identified polymorphisms may serve as potential molecular genetic markers of risk and could be applied in developing personalized strategies for prevention and early diagnosis of occupational respiratory diseases.Key words:COPD, genetic polymorphism, interleukins, coal dust, miners.