Аннотация
The article examines economic behavior strategies of the population of Kazakhstan in the context of digitalization and institutional reforms. Economic behavior is interpreted as a set of stable decision-making models in the spheres of consumption, saving, investment, and employment, formed under the influence of socio-economic conditions, regional disparities, and state policy. The purpose of the study is to identify the dominant economic behavior strategies of the population and to analyze their transformation in relation to income dynamics, poverty levels, credit development, migration, and urbanization processes. The empirical basis of the study consists of data from the Bureau of National Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the National Bank of Kazakhstan, as well as materials from international organizations for the period 2013–2025. The research employs statistical, comparative, and structural analysis methods. Particular attention is paid to the role of credit markets and spatial factors as indicators of the population’s economic attitudes. The results show that the reduction in poverty at the national level is accompanied by persistent regional differentiation and the reproduction of adaptive economic behavior models. The expansion of financial accessibility and digital services contributes to the development of consumer and investment strategies, while simultaneously increasing the risks of financial vulnerability for certain social groups. The study concludes that the state plays a key role in shaping the institutional conditions for transforming economic behavior and emphasizes the necessity of accounting for regional specificities in the formulation of socio-economic policy.