Аннотация
The article presents the results of a study on optimizing the feeding rations of newly calved cows at the «Amanat» peasant farm based on chemical analysis of feed. The relevance of the work is due to the need to increase milk productivity and improve the physiological condition of animals through a scientifically based approach to feeding. The study was conducted in the fourth quarter of2024 and the first quarter of 2025 and included a set of laboratory, analytical, and calculation methods, which ensured an objective assessment of the nutritional value of the main feeds: corn silage, rye and Sudan hay, barley bran, and sunflower meal. Chemical analysis revealed that the initial diet was deficient in crude protein and metabolizable energy, which reduced feed efficiency and increased the risk of metabolic disorders in newly calved cows in early lactation. Based on the data obtained, the diet was adjusted to include an increase in the proportion of concentrates, the introduction of sunflower meal as a source of high-quality protein, and propylene glycol as an easily digestible energy component. After optimizing the diet, the crude protein content increased by 13.3% and the energy value more than doubled, which improved the protein-energy balance of the diet. Improving the structure of the diet led to increased nutrient digestibility, optimization of rumen fermentation processes, and a reduced risk of ketosis. The measures taken contributed to the creation of conditions for increasing milk productivity, improving physiological condition, and economic efficiency of production. The results of the study confirm the need for regular chemical analysis of feed and the use of scientific approaches to adjusting diets in dairy cattle breeding.