Аннотация
The article discusses the issues of reducing the volume of circulating drilling fluid (solution) and the possibility of reducing its absorption during drilling of an oil and gas well. The theoretical aspects of the absorption of drilling fluid are described, including the signs and causes of the absorption of fluids by the rock. The main problems of washing liquid absorption related to the instability of clayargillite rocks of the Southern - Torgai depression have been identified. The polymer-containing washing liquid was obtained by the authors by adding the polymer reagent polyacrylonitrile modified with fatty acid salts, which are a saponified fraction of the tar from the distillation of fatty acids of cottonseed oil, to the formulation of the drilling washing liquid. The results of spectral studies of a modified polymer reagent, polyacrylonitrile, based on IR spectroscopy are presented. The authors show the results of studies on the effect of modified polyacrylonitrile, as well as crushed cotton stalks in various ratios on the properties of drilling fluid. These studies were conducted in order to reduce the rate of absorption of liquid or solution through the cortical layer of the borehole wall. Based on the studies conducted on the effect of the concentration of modified polyacrylonitrile and crushed cotton stalks on the rheological parameters of the drilling fluid, its optimal composition was selected. A diagram of an experimental setup for determining the velocity of liquid passage through a rock, as well as liquids with the addition of polyacrylonitrile modified with tar, is presented. The existing methods of reducing the absorption of drilling rinsing fluid are analyzed and recommendations are proposed for the implementation of this composition of the rinsing fluid to increase the efficiency of the drilling process in difficult geological conditions.