Аннотация
Annotation. The article provides a detailed examination of the life and socio-political activity of UälitkhanSharafetdinovichTanashev (1887–1968), a prominent figure of the Alash movement, lawyer, and government official. It is shown that he was born into the prosperous Tanashev family in the Inner Bukey Horde, received his secondary education at the Astrakhan Men’s Gymnasium, and studied at the medical and law faculties of Kazan University. The paper highlights his engagement within the Muslim intelligentsia of Kazan, participation in the “Eastern Club,” and his contribution to convening and conducting Kazakh and Muslim congresses in the Bukey Horde, Orenburg, Moscow, and Petrograd after the February Revolution of 1917, as well as his role in the creation of the Alash Party and the work of the Alashorda government. It also describes Tanashev’s service during the Soviet period in organizing the Kazakh ASSR, his work on justice and land administration issues, and his participation in combating the famine of 1921–1922. Furthermore, the article discusses the political repressions of 1937–1939, the hardships of imprisonment and exile, his subsequent rehabilitation, and the final years of his life. Based on archival materials, the article reveals the historical role of U. Tanashev in strengthening Kazakh statehood and in the fate of the national intelligentsia.