Аннотация
Soil quality degradation is becoming a significant process of soil degradation. Optimization of organic fertilizer application methods in arable lands is important to improve crop productivity and soil health. However, this requires a comprehensive study and research on crop productivity and soil quality status in the gradient of application with organic fertilizers. The article review presents a comprehensive analysis of the effect of organic fertilizer (FCM) on soil properties, including physical, chemical and biological parameters. The review discusses the complex interactions between organic fertilizers and soil, emphasizing the effects on soil structure, nutrient availability, microbial activity and overall soil health. In addition, the review discusses the role of organic fertilizers in mitigating soil degradation, increasing crop yields and promoting sustainable agricultural practices. In particular, this paper summarizes the effects of fermented cattle manure fertilizer used in cropping systems.