Аннотация
The article examines the organization of the rhetorical structure and the processes involved in understanding of short journalistic texts. It also describes the relationship between methods used by the recipient to create a socially adequate meaning, goals, and objectives of text interpretation, as well as the clarity of the metatext. Terms such as ―rhetorical structure of the text‖, ―rhetorical act‖, ―rhetorical points of development‖, and ―marker of a rhetorical situation‖ are introduced. It is found that rhetorical-reflexive methods are employed in oratory, which are the key to determining the characteristic features of problematic issues. The article addresses the main aspects of organizing the rhetorical structure of a text, explores the impact of this on the processes of understanding the text, and discusses the use of hermeneutical methods to construct socially adequate meanings for the recipient. In addition, the author uses comparative analysis to refer to research relevant to this topic and employs research methods for examining the rhetoric and hermeneutics of short journalistic texts, including the analysis of relevant dictionaries. The rhetorical ideal reflects the richness and historical variability of the artistic and poetic vocabulary of the speaker in the transmission of his thoughts, cultural and social features are differentiated, and illustrative examples are provided. In this context, the historical variability, cultural, and social characteristics of the ideal are analyzed, with further examples included. These studies reveal an additional conceptual dimension of the article.