Аннотация
Background: Hyperglycemia, including undiagnosed diabetes and pre diabetes, presents a significant global health challenge, leading to severe long-term complications. While traditional screening often relies on fasting blood glucose (FBG) or HbA1c, random blood sugar (RBS) measurements offer a practical and immediate screening tool, particularly in community settings. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of elevated random blood sugar and identify associated demographic and lifestyle factors among men aged 50 years and above in Semey, Kazakhstan. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 50 men aged 50 years and above residing in Semey, Kazakhstan. Participants were recruited from local community centers or public places. After obtaining implied consent, random blood glucose (RBG) levels were measured using a calibrated point-of-care glucometer (AT care), irrespective of the time since the last meal. Elevated random blood sugar was defined as RBS ≥ 200 mg/ dL, or self-reported diagnosed diabetes. A structured questionnaire collected demographic information (age, ethnicity), anthropometric data (height, weight for BMI calculation), and lifestyle factors (dietary habits, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption) and medical history (family history of diabetes, hypertension). Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests for categorical variables, and independent t-tests for continuous variables. Logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of elevated random blood sugar. Results: The mean age of the 50 male participants was 61.5±7.8 years. The mean RBG level was 160.2±55.8 mg/dL. The prevalence of elevated RBS ≥ 200 mg/dL or self-reported diabetes was found to be 28%. Of those identified with elevated RBS or diabetes, 45% were newly identified through this screening. Factors significantly associated with elevated random blood sugar in univariate analysis included higher Body Mass Index (BMI) p = 0.04 and a positive family history of diabetes p = 0.08. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, higher BMI (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.05-1.35, p = 0.007) emerged as an independent predictor of elevated random blood sugar. Conclusion: This study indicates a considerable prevalence of elevated random blood sugar among men aged 50 years and above in Semey, Kazakhstan, revealing a significant proportion of potentially undiagnosed cases. The utility of RBS as a quick screening tool in community settings is highlighted. Modifiable risk factors such as high BMI are significantly associated with hyperglycemia. These findings underscore the critical need for routine opportunistic screening using RBS, followed by definitive diagnostic testing, and targeted public health interventions focusing on weight management and lifestyle modification to combat the rising burden of diabetes in this vulnerable population in Semey