Аннотация
The article is devoted to the study of the role of holy women in traditional Kazakh society, their significance as spiritual and cultural reference points. The purpose of the study is to analyze their functions, including transcendental, educational and social, based on historical and ethnographic sources. The importance of this work lies in the fact that the study of these figures allows us to better understand the cultural and social mechanisms of Kazakh society, as well as the role of women in maintaining public order and traditions. The methodological basis of the work is the historical and ethnographic approach, including the analysis of literary, folklore and historical sources that describe the lives of such holy women as Domalak-ana, Begim-ana, Rabia Sultan Begim, Aisha-bibi and Kyzai-ana. These individuals, revered as saints, acted as intermediaries between the world of people and the divine world, contributed to the formation of moral norms and spiritual guidelines, influencing the upbringing of the younger generation. The theoretical basis is formed by the concepts of gender studies, religious philosophy and cultural anthropology. These approaches allow us to consider holy women as religious leaders and symbols of stability, as well as harmony in society. The figures of holy women transmitted the most important values, such as wisdom, tolerance and spiritual integrity, which helped to maintain social stability. Holy women became an important link in the process of educating moral and cultural norms, personifying ideals that were perceived by society as inviolable. The results of the study confirm the importance of these individuals as symbols of spirituality and moral orientation in Kazakh society. Despite the significance of these figures, the insufficient number of available studies and sources on this topic hinders further in-depth study. The conclusion of the scientific study emphasizes the need to expand the research base in order to fully assess the influence of holy women on the development of cultural and social processes in Kazakhstan.