Аннотация
The article discusses the use of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to assess land degradation in the East Kazakhstan region.The study aims to evaluate changes in the state of vegetation, utilize the NDVI as a tool for monitoring ecosystems, and provide evidence-based recommendations for the development of sustainable land management strategies.The authors provide a comparison of NDVI values, which reflect the health and density of vegetation, and analyze their correlation with the factors of land degradation.The study analyzed Landsat satellite data from 1993 to 2023, revealing a significant decline in NDVI values across 40% of the southern part of the East Kazakhstan region, indicating severe land degradation.In contrast, 20% of the northern areas showed stable or slightly improved vegetation health, with NDVI values remaining above 0.5, indicating healthier vegetation.As a result of satellite images processing, the authors identify zones with varying degrees of degradation risk, which can be used as a basis for measures to restore and preserve vegetation cover.The study highlights the need to account for various factors, including climate change and anthropogenic impacts, and offers a comprehensive approach to analyzing land degradation.The study concludes that land degradation in the East Kazakhstan region is accelerating, particularly in the southern areas, primarily due to a combination of climate change and unsustainable land use practices.The findings underscore the need for targeted ecological restoration efforts and the implementation of sustainable land management practices.These results can guide policymakers in developing effective environmental policies aimed at preserving the region's ecological integrity and ensuring long-term agricultural productivity.