Аңдатпа
To examine the development of gaming addiction among orphaned students and evaluate the effectiveness of the educational process in reducing gaming disorder. The study involved first- to third-year students, including 952 males and 523 females. Assessments took place in first-year groups at the start of the academic year (October) and among first- to third-year students at the end of the year (May). Male students showed a higher prevalence of excessive gaming and spent more time playing than fem